Cattle Rustling: When Taking and Ownership Are Proven in Large Cattle Theft
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies what proves in cattle rustling is broad.** A caretaker, herdsman, or anyone in lawful possession counts as an owner for purposes of consent under P.D. 533.
- A certificate of ownership is not always required. If ownership is not contested at trial, the prosecution need not present it to secure a conviction.
- Positive identification outweighs alibi. An alibi must show physical impossibility, not mere inconvenience.
- Aggravating circumstances must be alleged in the information. Failure to specify them can prevent their appreciation.
- Recidivism requires a final conviction. A prior conviction that is not yet final cannot be used to aggravate the penalty.
This article is general information and not legal advice. For your specific situation, consult a lawyer or ask ASG Legal AI.
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