Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
Get a cited, plain-language answer from 184,000+ statutes and decisions — free, no sign-up.
Breach of Trust in Employment: Employers' Burden of Proof in Dismissal Cases
In illegal dismissal cases, employers must prove just cause by substantial evidence. Learn the rules from Pacific Maritime v. Ranay.
Protecting Workers Rights Illegal Dismissal AND Unfair Labor Practices IN THE Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on illegal dismissal, due process, and unfair labor practices in Pono v. NLRC.
Illegal Dismissal Abandonment As A Defense FOR Employers IN THE Philippines
When can employers validly claim abandonment as a defense against illegal dismissal claims? Learn the legal rules and requirements.
Solidary Liability of Corporate Officers: When Are They Liable for Illegal Dismissal
Corporate officers can be held personally liable for illegal dismissal when they act in bad faith, as shown in this Supreme Court ruling.
Illegal Dismissal: When Is an Employee Considered Terminated
Learn when a worker is considered terminated and the rules on separation pay, project employment, and due process in illegal dismissal cases.
Regular vs. Project Employees: What the Supreme Court Requires for Valid Project Employment
Understand the difference between regular and project employees in the Philippines, and what employers must prove to avoid illegal dismissal claims.
Management Prerogative in the Philippines: Abolishing Positions Legally
When can a Philippine employer abolish a position without facing illegal dismissal claims? The Supreme Court explains the limits of management prerogative.
Illegal Dismissal vs. Retrenchment: Understanding Employee Rights in the Philippines
The Supreme Court clarifies the difference between illegal dismissal and valid retrenchment, and what employers must prove to justify layoffs.
Upholding Labor Rights Illegal Dismissal AND Unfair Labor Practices IN the Philippines
The Supreme Court rules on illegal dismissal, unfair labor practice, and the limits of "loss of confidence" as a ground for termination.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Abandonment, Illness, and Employer Obligations
When does absence become abandonment, and when can illness justify termination? A Supreme Court ruling clarifies employer duties.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Due Process and Employee Rights Under Conti v. NLRC
Conti v. NLRC explains the twin notice rule, security of tenure, and why a fixed-term contract cannot defeat regular employment status in the Philippines.
Resignation vs Illegal Dismissal: Employee Rights and Employer Obligations in the Philippines
Understand the difference between resignation and illegal dismissal in the Philippines, and learn the rights and obligations of employees and employers.
When a Memo for File Counts as Resignation: Philippine Labor Law Explained
The Supreme Court explains when a memo without the word The company board interpreted this as a resignation and accepted it. Alegre later claimed he never resigned and sued for illegal dismissal.
Evidence in Court: Why Presenting Evidence Properly Matters in Illegal Dismissal Cases
A Supreme Court ruling shows how evidence presentation and procedural rules shape outcomes in illegal dismissal disputes.
Security Guard Accountability: The Importance of Evidence in Termination Cases
When can a security agency dismiss a guard for a lost firearm? The Supreme Court clarifies the substantial evidence rule in illegal dismissal cases.
Overseas Employment Contracts: Illegal Dismissal and Employee Rights in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on illegal dismissal of a seafarer, covering due process, overtime pay, and overseas employment contract rights.
When Layoffs Become Illegal: Labor Disputes and Management Prerogatives
Learn when layoffs cross the line into illegal dismissal, and why strict appeal rules in labor cases matter for employers and employees.
Seafarer's Rights: Illegal Dismissal and Due Process in Maritime Employment
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on seafarer illegal dismissal, due process requirements, and evidentiary standards in maritime employment cases.
Reinstatement vs Separation Pay: Employee Rights After Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines
When can separation pay replace reinstatement after illegal dismissal? The Supreme Court explains in Zarate v. Olegario.
Project vs. Regular Employees: Burden of Proof in Illegal Dismissal Cases
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when workers are project or regular employees and who bears the burden of proof in illegal dismissal cases.
Illegal Dismissal: When Can an Employer Terminate an Employee in the Philippines
Philippine law requires just cause and due process for valid termination. This case explains serious misconduct and loss of confidence rules.
When Can an Employee Be Dismissed: The Rule on Immediate Reinstatement Pending Appeal
Learn the rule on immediate reinstatement pending appeal in illegal dismissal cases, explained through the Philippine Airlines v. NLRC ruling.
Establishing Employer-Employee Relationship Is Key to Illegal Dismissal Claims in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on why proving employer-employee relationship is essential before an illegal dismissal case can prosper.
Illegal Dismissal: Employee Rights and Employer Obligations in the Philippines
Learn the rules on illegal dismissal in the Philippines: when termination is valid, the need for due process, and the employee's right to reinstatement and backwages.