Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
Get a cited, plain-language answer from 184,000+ statutes and decisions — free, no sign-up.
Corporate Rehabilitation Stockholder Approval: When a Majority Vote Suffices
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when corporate rehabilitation petitions need only majority stockholder approval, not two-thirds vote.
Executive Power vs Legislative Domain: Defining Reorganization Authority in Philippine Sports Governance
A 2003 Supreme Court ruling on EO 81 clarifies the President's power to reorganize the Executive Branch and transfer agency functions.
Protecting the Vulnerable: Upholding the Death Penalty for Rape of a Child Under Seven
The Supreme Court affirms the death penalty for the rape of a six-year-old child, clarifying rules on child testimony and proof of age.
Judicial Conduct: Withdrawing a Complaint Does Not Bar Investigation of Erring Court Personnel
Learn how the Supreme Court ruled that withdrawing a complaint does not stop disciplinary action against erring court personnel or lawyers.
Certifying Authenticity Attorneys Responsibility AND THE Limits OF Notarial Power
A lawyer who certifies true copies of documents notarized by another commits gross misconduct, the Supreme Court rules.
Incestuous Rape: Proving Each Count Beyond Reasonable Doubt
The Supreme Court clarifies that in incestuous rape cases, each separate charge must be proven beyond reasonable doubt, not just the overall pattern of abuse.
Unlawful Arrests and Illegal Drug Evidence: Safeguarding Constitutional Rights
When police act on tips without warrants, arrests and drug evidence may be invalid. Learn from a Supreme Court ruling.
Eyewitness Identification and Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt: People v. Limpangog
The Supreme Court acquits an accused where eyewitness identification is unreliable, reaffirming that the prosecution must prove identity beyond reasonable doubt.
Attorney Client Relationship Verbal Agreements AND Ethical Obligations IN Legal Practice
Upholding Due Process: Strict Adherence to Summary Procedure Timelines in Philippine Courts
Philippine courts must strictly follow summary procedure timelines. Learn how the Supreme Court enforces these deadlines to ensure speedy justice.
Limits on Pre-Proclamation Controversies: Challenging Ballot Box Security in the Philippines
The Supreme Court held that missing padlocks on ballot boxes are not a valid pre-proclamation issue, limiting challenges to the face of the election returns.
Rape Convictions: Each Count Needs Separate Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
The Supreme Court clarifies that each rape count is a distinct crime requiring separate proof, acquitting the accused on one count.
Treachery and the Element of Surprise: Ensuring Justice for Victims of Sudden Attacks
The Supreme Court explains how sudden, unprovoked attacks constitute treachery, qualifying killings as murder and frustrated murder.
Heirs AT Odds When Active Participation Waives Formal Substitution Requirements IN Property Disputes
Judicial Authority and Limits: A Judge's Jurisdiction After Temporary Reassignment
Explaining the Supreme Court's ruling on a judge's notarial powers, the limits of judicial authority, and the importance of following SC Circular No. 1-90.
Due Process in Lawyer Discipline: Formal Investigation Required Before Sanctions
Supreme Court remands lawyer disciplinary case to IBP for formal investigation, underscoring that due process requires a full hearing before sanctions.
Murder Conviction and Sentencing in the Philippines: The Leoncio Lawa Case
How the Supreme Court affirmed a murder conviction and death penalty, explaining treachery, evident premeditation, and alibi in Philippine law.
Plunder and Conspiracy: Defining "Combination or Series" in Amassing Ill-Gotten Wealth
The Supreme Court clarifies what constitutes a "combination or series" of acts in plunder cases, and the scope of conspiracy among co-accused.
Contractual Obligations Prevail: Bank's Right to Offset Debts Despite Trustee-Beneficiary Claims
Supreme Court ruling on when a bank may validly apply a borrower's funds to settle debts, even amid trustee-beneficiary claims.
Agency and Real Estate Sales: The Necessity of Written Authority
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on why an agent's authority to sell land must be in writing, or the sale is void.
Notarial Duties: Judges Must Certify Lack of Lawyers and Remit Fees to Avoid Sanctions
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on judges acting as notaries public ex officio, their certification duties, and fee remittance requirements.
When a Child Testifies: Lessons from People v. Avendaño on Witness Credibility
The Supreme Court explains when a child's testimony is credible and how trial courts should weigh it in homicide cases.
Child Witness Testimony in Murder Cases: When a Child's Word Can Convict
When can an eight-year-old's testimony convict in murder cases? The Supreme Court explains the rules on child witness credibility.
Judicial Accountability: The Duty of Judges to Decide Cases Promptly
Philippine Supreme Court holds judges accountable for undue delay in deciding cases, citing the constitutional duty to resolve matters within prescribed periods.