Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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NPC Enforcement Fines in the Philippines: How the Privacy Commission Penalizes Violations
NPC enforcement fines in the Philippines are administrative penalties the National Privacy Commission may impose for violations of the Data Privacy Act of 2012.
Executive Separation Agreements in the Philippines: Structuring a Clean Exit
An executive separation agreement in the Philippines defines the terms of a corporate officer's exit, covering separation pay, quitclaims, and release from liability.
Price Tag Requirements in the Philippines: What Retailers Must Display
Price tag requirements in the Philippines come from the Consumer Act, which defines price tags and bars deceptive pricing and labeling in retail sales.
Ship Repair Contract Philippines: Rules for Shipyards and Vessel Owners
A ship repair contract in the Philippines is governed by Republic Act No. 9295, which defines ship repair and regulates MARINA-registered ship repairers.
Agricultural Land Conversion in the Philippines: Rules Under RA 6657
Agricultural land conversion in the Philippines is governed by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law, which defines agricultural land and shields it from arbitrary reclassification.
Outside Counsel Guidelines in the Philippines: A Practical Guide for In-House Teams
Outside counsel guidelines in the Philippines help in-house teams manage legal spend, define engagement terms, and align external lawyers with company policy.
Illegal Recruitment in the Philippines: Penalties and How to Report It
Learn the penalties for illegal recruitment in the Philippines under RA 8042, as amended by RA 10022, including fines, imprisonment, and how to file a complaint.
BSP Enforcement Actions and Penalties: How the Bangko Sentral Fines Banks and Officers
BSP enforcement actions and penalties: the maximum fines under Section 37 of the New Central Bank Act, who may be penalized, and how payment works.
Cybercrime Liability in the Philippines: Offenses, Penalties, and Defenses
Cybercrime liability in the Philippines covers illegal access, fraud, identity theft, and online libel under RA 10175, with penalties and corporate fines.
PAGCOR Offenses and Penalties for Remote Gaming Operations Explained
A plain-language guide to PAGCOR offenses and penalties for remote gaming operations, covering fines, show-cause notices, and license risks.
Data Privacy Act Penalties in the Philippines: Fines and Criminal Liability
Understand the Data Privacy Act penalties in the Philippines, including fines and imprisonment for unauthorized processing, breaches, and disclosure.
When Judges Delay: Supreme Court Fines Judge for Gross Neglect of Duty
A Philippine judge was fined PHP 185,003 for delaying decisions and violating rules on video conferencing hearings. Here's what this means for judicial accountability.
Graft and Malversation: When Private Funds Become Public Funds Under Philippine Law
The Supreme Court clarifies when private funds become public funds and defines liability for graft and malversation in Arcelo v. People.
Lawyer Suspended Five Years for Negligence, Dishonesty in Handling Client's Annulment Case
Supreme Court suspends lawyer five years and orders PHP 810,000 fine for mishandling client funds and filing defective petition.
Res Judicata Bars Repeated Litigation of Attorney Misconduct in the Philippines
Explore how the Supreme Court applied res judicata to bar a second disbarment case against a lawyer for the same misconduct, and the fine imposed for procedural defiance.
Gross Misconduct and Insubordination in Philippine Government Service: A Guide for Employees
Learn how the Supreme Court defines gross misconduct and insubordination in government service, and the penalties that follow.
Court Employee’s Drug Conviction Leads to Fine, Forfeiture of Retirement Benefits
A Supreme Court ruling shows how a court utility worker’s drug conviction led to forfeited retirement benefits and permanent disqualification from public office.
Functional Immunity for International Organizations in the Philippines: The Westfall v. Locsin Guide
Learn how the Supreme Court's Westfall v. Locsin ruling defines functional immunity for international organization personnel in the Philippines.
Court Employee's Rape Charge Leads to Administrative Liability Despite Acquittal
Supreme Court rules criminal acquittal does not bar administrative liability; court employee fined P400,000 for conduct tainting judiciary.
Patent Infringement in the Philippines: How Claims Define Protection
Philippine patent infringement hinges on claim interpretation. The Supreme Court's Tuna Processors ruling clarifies direct and indirect infringement.
Protecting Environmental Advocacy: The Limits of SLAPP Suits in Philippine Jurisprudence
Philippine courts define the limits of strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPP), balancing environmental advocacy with the right to protect reputations.
Accomplice Liability in Direct Bribery: The Gerunda Case Explained
Learn how the Supreme Court defined accomplice liability in direct bribery cases, using the Gerunda ruling to explain key legal principles.
Behest Loans in the Philippines: Understanding Anti-Graft Law and Due Diligence
Learn how Philippine courts define behest loans, the role of RA 3019, and why loan repayment does not erase potential graft liability.
Upholding Notarial Integrity: Consequences for False Notarization and Misrepresentation
A lawyer who notarized a deed without the seller's presence and made untruthful statements in court faces suspension, fine, and notarial disqualification.